BMC精神病学：2015年亮点-BMC系列博客188宝金博备用网址 - 金博宝网站,金博宝188,金博宝188app网站

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1.精神卫生服务用户的社交媒体提供支持和反馈：一只小鸟告诉我…。

Social media sites are being increasingly used as forums for users to discuss their physical health, but is this also true of their mental health? Unsurprisingly, a study出版2月，分析了精神卫生服务用户对社交媒体使用的使用，在我们的网站和社交媒体上都受到了很大的打击。

安德鲁·谢泼德（Andrew Shepherd）和同事在社交媒体网站上对对话进行了主题分析推特，为了确定共同的讨论主题。确定了#DearmentalHealthProfessionals对话的一部分的推文。除去重复材料（重新推特）后，研究人员总共分析了515个单独的推文。发现大多数推文都与四个常见主题有关：诊断的影响；专业用户和服务用户之间的权力平衡；建立治疗关系和沟通；和支持规定。这项研究表明，具有精神障碍经验的人使用社交媒体作为讨论和支持的论坛，以及向精神卫生专业人员提供反馈的媒介。但是，正如作者指出的那样，需要进一步的研究来确定此类社交媒体网络是否适合作为服务提供反馈。

2.在青春期和成年期间寻求心理健康服务帮助的社会影响

Our social interactions inevitably influence our behavior, something which is particularly apparent during adolescence and early adulthood. But do social influences and ‘peer-pressure’ effect the health care choices we make when it comes to seeking mental health care? A study出版in March by Debra Rickwood and colleagues, examined the developmental changes in social influences on seeking mental health care (in Australia), during adolescence and young adulthood, both of which are critical life stages for mental health.

询问了谁主要的主要寻求帮助影响力是谁是谁。研究人员发现，在网上寻求帮助的绝大多数男性和女性都在自己的影响下确实如此。在所有年龄段的情况下都是这种情况。相比之下，对于那些在中心寻求帮助的人会随着年龄的增长而增加。对于那些参加中心的人来说，家庭的影响在青春期间最高，随着年龄的增长而下降。有趣的是，所有年龄段的朋友的影响都令人惊讶（在网上或中心寻求帮助时）。作者得出的结论是，他们的结果表明，在青春期和成年期间寻求帮助的影响发生了重大发展。但是，需要进一步的研究来确定是否可以在澳大利亚的医疗保健系统之外推广这些结果。

3.抗抑郁治疗后主要抑郁症的代谢改变的成像

Non-invasive brain imaging techniques are increasingly used as tools for studying psychiatric disorders. But can functional imaging be used to predict whether someone with a depressive disorder will respond to pharmacological treatment?

在Yifan Zhang及其同事的研究中出版in May, Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to examine metabolite concentrations in the ventral prefrontal white matter, an area thought to play an important role in mood regulation. Seventeen women diagnosed with Major depressive disorder were imaged prior to, and then 12 weeks after commencing, treatment with a commonly prescribed anti-depressant (an SSRI). Pre-treatment analysis demonstrated that those with Major depressive disorder had a significantly lower ration of certain metabolites in the ventral prefrontal white matter, compared to healthy controls. Following 12 weeks of SSRI treatment, increased metabolite ratios, compared to their pre-treatment values, were accompanied by reduced depressive symptoms as measured by the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Thus, despite the small sample size, this study suggests that imaging of metabolic alterations may be of use for determining treatment response to SSRIs.

4. Bouldering as a treatment for depression: caught between a rock and a hard place?

Depression is a common mental disorder which can severely impact an individual’s quality of life. Physical activity has an important influence on mood and has therefore been proposed as an adjunct to traditional treatments for depression.

In August, Katharina Luttenberger and colleagues出版一项试点研究的结果检查了使用室内攀岩（抱石）作为抑郁症的治疗方法。该研究使用了随机的候补控制设计设计，参与者像往常一样接受治疗，或者是一项介入计划，该计划将心理治疗干预措施整合在石石组的环境中，然后进行一组切换的时期。研究参与者完成了一系列自我报告的工具，以评估其抑郁症，包括贝克抑郁量库存II。经过八周的干预，结果表明对抱石组的抑郁症度量产生了积极影响。在他们的干预期间，前候补名单组也显示出改善的抑郁症状。正如作者渴望指出的那样，他们的研究的样本量较小，意味着需要进一步的研究，但是抱石作为抑郁症的治疗的可能性看起来很有希望。

5.自杀的职业阶级差异：全球金融危机中的变化

看来，全球经济状况与发达国家的自杀率本质上有联系。在人群层面上，许多研究报告了最近全球金融危机期间自杀率的峰值。

一项研究出版in September reported the results of a time-trend analysis (2001-2010) of suicide rates in Australia by occupational class and gender. The researchers, led by Alison Milner, calculated male and female suicide rates per 100,000 by broad occupational categories, which were grouped according to the Australian and New Zealand Standard Classification of Occupations. They then employed regression models to investigate Rate Ratios in suicide by occupational group. Over the whole time period studied certain occupational groups were found to have higher suicide rates than others; within both genders the highest rates of suicide occurred in laborers. The global financial crisis (2007-2009) coincided with a widening of disparities in suicide rates by occupational class. Thus, the authors conclude that suicide prevention programs should be targeted towards at risk occupational groups during times of economic downturn.