Evolutionary Genomics

Researchers in South Koreaassembled the genomes of indigenous and domesticated African cattle populations，揭开其独特的自适应多样性，并提供线索来促进可持续的牲畜改进。

A look at genetic variation in Indian and Pakistani Parsi populations, as well as ancient Parsi DNA samples,revealed that Parsis are more genetically similar to Neolithic Iranians than modern Iranians, who have experienced a recent wave of admixture from the Near East.

There is 1.5-4% Neandertal ancestry in present-day non-African humans. We learned that尼安德特式渗透等位基因的主要影响是基因调节.

Crop Genomics

Population analysis of 29 accessions of common beangave us evidence an unprecedented speciation eventin the tropical Andes, giving rise to a sister species, which was previously thought to be the wild ancestor ofPhaseolus.

We also got some insights intothe domestication of two species of commercial cotton.

Cancer and Disease Genomics

A novel primate-specific lncRNA was foundto be a contributor to the complex mechanisms underlying the development and progression of colorectal cancer, and could potentially play a role as a biomarker for the disease.

Researchers from the Baylor College of Medicinecompared the performance of 25 algorithms for variant classification，提供可用于评估临床相关变体的工具组合ACMG / AMP指南.

全外观测序分析identified a number of candidate genes potentially associated with known Parkinson’s Disease mechanisms. Functional analysis of these genes in果蝇提供了其在疾病进展中功能的其他证据。

我们了解了与疾病相关的人类基因组中的结构变异diversity and abundance of complex structural variants在病态中，人类基因组比以前预期的要大。

表观基因组学

诱导作物繁殖的表观遗传和遗传多样性的潜在新途径取消了以下发现。RNA聚合酶II的抑制导致转座子活性爆发in拟南芥和rice, providing.

Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin examinedthe epigenomic signatures of domestication traits during cotton evolution, which may have contributed to the crop’s worldwide cultivation.

In the world of mammalian epigenomes, were giventhe mouse epigenetic clock，这对于理解衰老的生物学将是无价的，并将为操纵（并可能重置）速度提供途径体内.

Technological Advances

Using the diagnostic potential of cell-free DNA, researchers from UCLA createda probabilistic method for not only detecting tumors, but also their location. CancerLocator has been accessed over 19,000 times so far and createdquitea嗡嗡声in the消息!

我们离解锁更近了the full potential of metagenomic data with DESMAN, which identifies variants in core genes and links them into haplotypes and abundance profiles, allowing species-level identification.

Easi-CRISPR, a new method for animal genome editing, addresses the problem of inefficiency of targeted DNA casette insertion. In the development of the method, the authors produced correctly targeted alleles in 100% of live offspring.

我们还看到了CRISPR/CAS9系统在牛中的第一次应用。来自中国的研究人员针对NRAMP1gene with reduced off-target effects,创建转基因牛，对结核病的耐药性增加. This is among our most talked-about articles of the year!

单细胞分析具有持久的力量a method for sample preservation that maintains transcripts in viable single cells, disconnecting the logistics of sampling from the subsequent processing and analysis steps.

Microbial Genomics

A microbiome profile of 531 Finnish men identifiedlinks between gut microbiome composition and circulating metabolites, teasing apart more of the story in the human-microbiome relationship.

The first methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureusisolates, preserved since the 1960s, showed us that antibiotic resistance can predate the widespread use of an antibiotic, demonstrating that new drugs could be rendered ineffective by previous adaptations to bacterial genomes. Listen to Scientific American cover the article in their60-second Science podcast!

Thank you to all our authors and reviewers in 2017. We look forward to a lot of great research to come in 2018!