偏远新南威尔士州新安装的过滤和冷藏喷泉

良好的口腔健康对于整体的一般健康和福祉至关重要。良好的口腔健康使一个人能够在不痛苦或尴尬的情况下吃饭，说话和社交。常见的牙齿疾病包括龋齿（牙齿腐烂）和牙龈疾病，它们都在很大程度上可以预防。

许多澳大利亚人享有良好的口腔健康，但是对于包括原住民在内的某些人口，这是not equally shared。Many Aboriginal people, particularly Aboriginal people living in rural and remote communities across Australia experience higher levels and often more severe levels of dental caries. This gap in oral health is due to a range of factors including limited oral health promotion resources and lack of access to oral health services that meet the cultural and social needs of Aboriginal Australians.

Engaging Aboriginal Australians in the design and delivery of health services and health promotion is crucial to providing effective services.

Engaging Aboriginal Australians in the design and delivery of health services and health promotion is crucial to providingeffective services。This is because they consider the local needs, knowledge and culture of the community, which means the services are more likely to be used and effective. This approach, known as co-design, has been effective in improving oral health and education outcomes for Aboriginal Australians.

例如，co-designed oral health promotion programfor Aboriginal children in rural and remote communities in NSW, Australia was able to reduce dental caries among children and improve positive oral hygiene behaviors such as brushing with fluoride toothpaste, drinking water and reducing the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages.

The program involved daily in-school tooth brushing, regular dental health education by a local Aboriginal dental assistant, regular fluoride varnish applied to teeth and installation of refrigerated and filtered water fountains in schools and the wider community. More information on this program can be found in an article inThe Conversation。

The co-design process gives Elders, schools and community members the opportunity to advise on the development of evidence-based strategies that can prevent dental caries and how they can be best be implemented in their community. This meant that the strategies were implemented in ways the community identified as suitable and that they were sustainable and well-received, and in turn改善口腔健康结果。

The Partnering to Improve the oral health of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adolescents study (also known as the Indigenous Adolescent Oral Health Partnership [IAOHP]研究）将采用相同的共同设计原则来制定整体口腔健康促进计划，以改善昆士兰州，新南威尔士州和澳大利亚维多利亚州的原住民青少年的口腔健康和社会情感福祉。可以找到IAOHP研究注册here。

The IAOHP study will involve a peer-led process to co-design a program that aims to encourage the uptake of five strategies that can improve oral health among Aboriginal adolescents aged 10–19 years. These strategies include 1) increasing fluoride treatment, 2) increasing tooth brushing with fluoride toothpaste, 3) increasing consumption of water, 4) improving nutrition and 5) enhancing social and emotional well-being.

作为同伴的一部分process, a working group of Aboriginal adolescents from various communities across Queensland, New South Wales and Victoria, Australia will be recruited to learn about co-design and how it can be applied in research to improve health outcomes for Aboriginal people (Phase 1). They will use these skills to run yarning groups* in their communities with their peers to identify how these five strategies can be best implemented in their local community to reach Aboriginal adolescents effectively.

例如，这可能包括在学校中安装冷藏和过滤的水喷泉，并在当地学校和社区团体中实施仅水的政策，以增加水的消费，或者在校内刷牙计划中，以增加氟化物牙膏的牙齿刷牙。

IAHOP研究是一种与原住民青少年合作的新方法，可以与该群体共同设计口腔健康促进，而不是强加可能在文化上或社会上不相关的计划。

IAOHP研究旨在招募60名青少年参加来自昆士兰州，新南威尔士州和维多利亚州各个社区的共同设计计划。项目经理将协助工作组制定和实施这些策略。这些策略将在每个社区中实施12个月（第2阶段）。第三阶段将涉及对IAOHP研究的评估，以确定这些策略对参加该计划的青少年的口腔健康以及社会和情感健康的影响。

A primary outcome measure will be changes in oral health status assessed using a caries experience index (dmft/DMFT index), which measures the number of teeth affected by dental caries. Secondary measures will include the satisfaction of participants, self-reported changes in diet and drinking water and sugar-sweetened beverages and changes in quality of life measured using validated questionnaires.

IAOHP研究将在2022年中开始招募工作组，以完成本研究的第一阶段。IAHOP研究是一种与原住民青少年合作的新方法，可以与该群体共同设计口腔健康促进，而不是强加可能在文化上或社会上不相关的计划。

IAHOP研究旨在为澳大利亚公共口腔健康服务和决策者开发一种“工具包”，以与青少年互动，以共同设计基于证据的口腔健康促进，以改善澳大利亚青少年的口腔健康和一般健康状况。

*YARNING组与焦点小组相似，但是他们使用一种适当的文化对话方法yarning。