它知道n先前的研究，即女性比男性具有生存优势，并且在特定地区不受限制或种族。例如，学习发现日本妇女超过了六年来的贾彭尼（Japenese）。
However, it is not known what causes females to have this survival advantage. Understanding the mechanism of a female survival benefit could ultimately improve trauma care outcomes.
关于一个人的性别是否会影响伤害结果，存在着矛盾的研究。有些人表明女性比男性有优势，而另一些则是不利的，有些则没有区别。最近的研究表明，调整年龄和现有疾病后，女性有利。
提出了这种女性优势的两个可能原因：激素反应或遗传优势。此外，医疗保健的差异可能会发挥作用。
拉尔森et al.试图调查是否雌激素是保护性，是女性生存优势在创伤中的主要因素。研究人员使用了来自国家患者登记处的数据，检索了2001 - 2011年在瑞典的跌倒，道路交通事故或袭击的所有医院入院。
这些记录与死亡登记处的所有记录有关，这些记录是“受伤”的主要原因，该病因是使用独特的个人身份识别号码给瑞典永久居住的每个人的唯一个人身份识别号。
直到2012年12月31日，可从死亡注册中心的病因获得数据，允许入院之日至少12个月的随访。计算出30天的死亡率包括大多数因受伤而直接导致的患者，而那些主要因其他原因而死亡的患者。
这国际疾病伤害严重程度评分（ICISS）计算并用作第一次入院后30天死亡率的风险调整。这查尔森合并症指数（CCI）还计算出来。
整个研究人群的总体妇女在调整了伤害严重性和合并症后具有生存益处
研究发现women overall in the entire study population had a survival benefit after adjustment for injury severity and comorbidity. The study population consisted of 815,843 hospital admissions for the three causes of injury, with 54% being female. The mean age was 58 years old, with a range of 0–111 years, and women were significantly older than men.
有趣的是,作者得出结论,女性的年代urvival advantage in the predominant causes of injury in Sweden (road traffic crashes, fall, and assault) is not more pronounced in the age range where the levels of female sex hormones are expected to be naturally higher. Therefore, this suggests that it is not hormone levels that mainly explain the female survival advantage after injury.
女性的生存优势在各个年龄类别中似乎一致
这research found that survival advantage for females appears consistent across various age categories. Instead of finding a survival advantage during the hormone-producing years of life, the study found a slightly decreased survival advantage for females during this age range. These findings further support that it is other mechanisms that explain the survival advantage of females following injury.
此外，作者强调了以前的studies在瑞典，实际上将更多的医疗保健资源分配给男性，这表明资源分配不是男女生存差异的主要原因。
该研究有一些局限性，例如未针对手术或医疗干预进行调整的数据。未来的研究应包括干预措施作为调整的一部分。
Another limitation is the expected misclassification of hormone levels, for example from postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy. Also, as there was a relatively low number of deaths in the younger groups, this limits the precision of estimated associations.
More research is needed to try to understand what causes the difference in mortality after injury between men and women
这项研究的一个重要优势是，当它查看瑞典的数据（已公开融资医疗保健）时，该研究估计了生理效应，而不是医疗保健的财务或行政效应。
该研究的结果不支持以前的创伤患者作为以前的雌激素的想法文章建议。此外，Larsen的研究结果et al.do not suggest a hormonal effect being the reason for the observed female survival advantage after injury, so the reason is still unclear.
More research is needed to try to understand what causes the difference in mortality after injury between men and women so that potentially, depending on the cause, the overall survival rate could improve.
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