A partnership between the National Institutes of Health (NIH), US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) aims to develop 3D-human cell-based tissue chips to dramatically improve the speed and efficiency of drug screening. The program is featured in a recent supplement inStem Cell Research & Therapy:Stem cells on bioengineered microphysiological platforms for disease modeling and drug testing.
Thispartnershipis the first such inter-agency collaboration launched by theNational Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS)and thesupplementfeatures an overview of the program itself, followed by introductory reviews of each individual project, including:
- Mark Donowitz和同事onhuman enteroids to model the human intestine
- A combined model ofcardiac muscle and solid tumourfromSteven George和同事
- Michael Shuler,James Hickman和同事on迈向“片上的身体”
- Ahuman pluripotent stem cell-based platform for developmental neural toxicity screensfromJames Thomson‘s lab
- John Wikswo和同事on the translational possibilities of abrain-on-a-chip
Preclinical evidence is needed to support the safety of candidate drugs before they can enter clinical trials in humans. Animal testing, which is expensive and difficult to perform, is used to provide this evidence but does not always accurately predict safety and efficacy in humans.
Accurate models of human physiological systems, created using engineered human tissues, will allow rapid screening of candidate molecules for their interactions with human tissues. Early identification and rejection of candidates which are ineffective or show toxicity in such models will save time and money and increase the quality of candidate drugs going on to clinical trials.
FDA从一开始就参与了,确保完全考虑了药物开发涉及的调节挑战,而人体组织芯片方法也将为疾病进展提供宝贵的见解,从而有助于研究预防疾病和治疗。
Stem Cell Research & Therapyis the major forum for translational research into stem cell therapies, with a particular interest in the use of stem cells for drug discovery and testing, stem cell manufacture, and biomaterials. The journal publishes open access research articles plus reviews, viewpoints and commentaries; alongside the main journal content selected collections of research articles, conference proceedings, reviews and reports may be published as supplements, which are free to access online. All articles published in supplements are subject to peer review; visit the BioMed Central website for moreinformation about publishing supplements.
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